J.Peds Feb 2010 issue has an artcile showing some promising utility of lactulose as a prebiotic when used in 23- to 34-weeks premature infants. They noted in their results "The lactulose group tended to have less intolerance to enteral feedings, to reach full oral feeds earlier, and to be discharged home earlier. They also tended to have fewer episodes of late-onset sepsis, lower Bell stage necrotizing enterocolitis, and their nutritional laboratory indices were better, especially calcium and total protein".
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